Introduction + Classification + Pharmacological Action + Regulation of Release and Drawback of Glucocorticoids Hormone
Introduction
Glucocorticoid hormone is a steroidal hormone. It releases from zona fasciculata layer of adrenal cortex of the adrenal gland. Glucocorticoid hormone is steroidal in nature. A release of glucocorticoid hormone is controlled by the hypothalamus.
Classification
Glucocorticoids are classified as following…
1- Natural Glucocorticoid
There are following natural glucocorticoids.
- Cortisol
- Cortisone
- Corticosterone
2- Synthetic Glucocorticoid
There are following synthetic glucocorticoids.
- Prednisone
- Prednisolone
- Triamcinolone
- Dexamethasone
- Paramethasone
Note: Synthetic glucocorticoids having more anti-inflametory activity the anabolic activity of natural glucocorticoids.
Pharmacological Action
Glucocorticoids have a following pharmacological action.
1- Carbohydrate Metabolism:
Glucocorticoid hormone increases the gluconeogenesis (formation of glucose) process.
2- Fat Metabolism:
Glucocorticoid hormone helps to increase lypogenesis (formation of lipids) process, proliferation and distribution of fat in the body.
3- Glucocorticoid is also involved in the protein synthesis process.
4- It helps to enhance the production of ATP
.
5- Glucocorticoids increase the osteoporosis (increase Ca+
level in skeleton muscle and bone.)
6- It is a anti-inflammatory in nature and also helpful for the balance of electrolyte & water balance.
Regulation of Release/Mode of Action
Drawback
Hyposecreation- Hyposecreation of glucocorticoids cause Addission diseases and they are the followings.
- Loss of body weight
- Hypotension
- GIT disorder
- Skin pigmentation
Hypersecreation- Hypersecreation of cause cushing syndrome.
Cushing syndrome- increases the deposition of fat on the face, neck, abdominal & hip region.
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